Black History 365 | # 194 Mary Wallace

This woman, Mary Wallace was the first female bus driver for Chicago Transit Authority, 1974. She remained a bus driver for 33 years before retiring. Not to mention the first black female driver. “Miss Mary E. Wallace, 22, the new driver, said at a press conference yesterday that she likes the blouse and gray and blue colors of the CTA driver’s uniform, but would like it better if the bottom of the pants legs were flared.” …and fly. Shoutout to her!

Black History 365 | # 193 Ernie Barnes

The first American professional athlete to become a noted painter, recognized for his unique style of movement and energy. Ernie Barnes' involvement with art began at an early age, like most gifted adult artists. However, when he reached high school his creative endeavors were temporarily detoured in his determination to become a successful athlete. He graduated from his high school a hero and star football player, and with 26 full athletic scholarships to choose from. He chose North Carolina Central University and a major in art. After college he continued in an illustrious professional athletic career, but never let his love for football overshadow his love for art. You know his work! If you don’t…Good Times. Come on now. Ernie Barnes passed away April 27th in 2009 in Los Angeles California. His legacy lives on.

Black History 365 | # 192 Octavia Butler

Octavia Butler paved the way for African-American science fiction authors. Her first novel, Patternmaster, was published in 1976, a story that eventually expanded into a larger series. By 1979 and the publication of Kindred, she was firmly established as an African American writer. Through Kindred, she brought together critiques of both past and present societal hierarchies, both blended together in the science fiction genre. Called the “grand dame of science fiction,” Butler fearlessly crossed many lines. She used her novels to challenge our way of thinking and show that humans, regardless of race, deal with the same problems across all history and time. In an interview with Charlie Rose, she said, “I write about people and the different ways of being human.” Her work has been categorized as Afrofuturism, which is oh so fresh. In 1984, Butler won both the Hugo Award for Best Short Story and the Nebula Award for Best Novelette. By 1995, she was the first science fiction writer to receive the MacArthur Fellowship “genius” grant. Born in 1947 in Pasadena, California she dealt with dyslexia but has been writing since 10 years old. Butler passed away February 24, 2006 at 58 years old in Lake Forest Park, Washington.

Black History 365 | # 191 Dr. Sebi

Dr. Sebi (1933-2016) was a pathologist, herbalist, biochemist, and naturalist born in the Republic of Honduras (República de Honduras) in Central América. He studied and personally observed herbs in Africa, North America, Central and South America, and the Caribbean, and developed a unique approach and methodology to healing the human body with herbs rooted in over 30 years of experience. He was born Alfredo D. Bowman on November 26, 1933, in the village of Ilanga in Spanish Honduras. He was dragged into court on multiple occasions: in 1987, he was charged for practicing medicine without a license (a case he won), and then he was hit with a civil lawsuit from New York Attorney General’s office preventing him from making his so-called therapeutic claims in New York newspapers. His death is cloudy and unfortunate to read about. Do your research. Dr. Sebi’s legacy still lives. Rest in peace & power.

Black History 365 | # 190 James Baldwin

James Baldwin (1924–1987) was a writer and civil rights activist who is best known for his semi-autobiographical novels and plays that center on race, politics, and sexuality. His childhood neighborhood would later inspire his first essay, The Harlem Ghetto (1948). In 1948, feeling stifled creatively because of the racial discrimination in America, Baldwin traveled to Europe to create what were later acclaimed as masterpieces to the American literature canon. While living in Paris, Baldwin was able to separate himself from American segregated society and better write about his experience in the culture that was prevalent in America.  Baldwin took part in the Civil Rights Movement, becoming close friends with Medgar Evers, Reverend Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, Maya Angelou, Nina Simone, and Lorraine Hansberry. He was also one of the first Black writers to include queer themes in fiction, notably in Giovanni’s Room (1956), writing with a frankness that was highly controversial at the time. The successive assassinations of Evers, Malcolm X and King in the late 1960s plunged Baldwin into a nervous breakdown. In 1971, he moved permanently to France, settling in a small village in Provence, Saint-Paul de Vence, which was to become his final resting place. In 2016 Baldwin was the subject of an Oscar-nominated documentary by director Raoul Peck, I Am Not Your Negro. The film mixed archival footage of the civil rights movement with contemporary footage of the BLM movement and included historical interviews with Baldwin.